Accurate bioaccessibility assessment of soil heavy metals by combining their speciation and in vitro model with human gut microbiota
Abstract The bioaccessibility of Zn, Ni, Cd, and Cu is a critical parameter for accurately assessing the human health risk associated with oral exposure to soils contaminated with heavy metals.However, most studies have evaluated the bioaccessibility of these metals without considering the impact of metallic chemical fractionations and human gut mi